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Why is the Hebrew Writing Style of Chiasmus
Found in The Book of Mormon?
.

by Matt Moody, Ph.D.

What Is Chiasmus? Chiasmus is a literary style within Hebrew tradition where certain Ideas are stated in order, then repeated in reverse order, such as:

                 Idea A is expressed, followed by
                     Idea B, and
                         Idea C, then
                         Idea C is repeated,
                     Idea B is repeated, and
                 Idea A is also repeated

Here is an example in the Bible of the Chiastic form: A B C C B A

"No man can serve two masters: for either he will hate the one, and love the other; or else he will hold to the one, and despise the other. Ye cannot serve God and mammon."
(Matt. 6:24)

                 A - No man can serve two masters
                     B - either he will hate the one
                         C - and love the other
                         C - or he will hold to the one
                     B - and despise the other
                 A - Ye cannot serve God and mammon

Chiasmus could be expressed in any length. In the Book of Mormon, Helaman 6:7-13, here is an example of this Chiastic pattern: A B C D E F E D C B A.

                 A - there was peace in all the land
                    B - they became exceedingly rich
                       C - and had plenty of gold, and of silver
                          D - the
land south was called Lehi
                             E - he
land north was called Mulek
                                F - for the
Lord
                             E - did bring
Mulek into the land north
                          D - and Lehi into the
land south
                       C - there was all manner of of gold, and of silver
                    B - thus they did become rich
                 A - they were strong in the land ... in peace

The most intricate example of Chiasmus in The Book of Mormon has 17 chiastic pairs:
 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q   Q P O N M L K J I H G F E D C B A

It is extremely unlikely that Joseph Smith—or anyone else living near Palmyra, New York in 1830—would be aware of the Hebrew Literary Style called Chiasmus. Why?

When the Book of Mormon published in Palmyra, New York in March 1830, the only library in the United States was located in Peterborough, New Hampshire, 320 miles east of Palmyra; this public library was the very first built in the United States.

But nobody traveled to Peterborough, New Hampshire to do research about Chiasmus at America's first public library, in 1830 or before that year, because this library was not built, and open for use, until 1833—three years after The Book of Mormon was published.

Further, information about Chiasmus in the Bible would not be found in the Peterborough Public Library, because the very first article on the topic of Chiasmus was written by Danish historian Nils Wilhelm Lund in 1930—a century after the Book of Mormon was published.

Therefore, most people living in early America would simply be unaware of Chiasmus, because no one had written about it in the 1830's.

The Hebrew literary tradition of Chiasmus is found in the Bible, because it was written by people of Hebrew heritage. Here's another example of Chiasmus in the Bible:

"Arise, shine; for thy light is come, and the glory of the Lord is risen upon thee.
"For, behold, the darkness shall cover the earth, and gross darkness the people: but the. Lord shall arise upon thee, and his glory shall be seen upon thee.
"And the Gentiles shall come to thy light, and kings to the brightness of thy rising."
.
~
Isaiah 60:1-3


The Chiastic structure is not very noticable to the average reader, until Chiasmus is pointed out and diagrammed like this:

                 A - Arise,
                    B - shine;
                       C - for thy light is come,
                          D - and the glory
                             E - of the Lord
                                F - is risen upon thee.
                                   G - For, behold, the darkness shall cover the earth,
 
                                  
G - and gross darkness the people:
                                F - but ... shall arise upon thee,
                             E - the Lord
                          D - and his glory shall be seen upon thee.
                       C - shall come to thy light,
                    B - and kings to the brightness
                 A - of thy rising.

Therefore, when Danish historian Nils Wilhelm Lund wrote a book about "Chiasmus in the New Testament," published in 1942—from that time forward, Americans became aware of Chiasmatic patterns.

Like the Bible, the Book of Mormon was also written by descendants of Hebrew heritage, which is why there are many examples of Chiasmus found in this 2nd witness of Jesus Christ. Here is the Chiasmus Writing Style found in Alma chapter 36 of The Book of Mormon:

                 A - My son give ear to my words (v. 1)
                    B - Keep the commandments and ye shall prosper in the land (v. 1)
                       C - Do as I have done (v. 2)
                          D - Remember the captivity of our fathers (v. 2)
                             E -  They were in bondage (v. 2)
                                F - He surely did deliver them (v. 2)
                                  G - Trust in God (v. 3)
                                     H - Supported in trials, troubles, and afflictions (v. 3)
                                        I - Lifted up at the last day (v. 3)
                                           J - I know this not of myself but of God (v. 4)
                                             K - Born of God (v. 5)
                                                L - I sought to destroy the church (v. 6-9)
                                                  M - My limbs were paralyzed (v. 10)
                                                     N - Fear of being in the presence of God (v. 14-15)
                                                       O - Pains of a damned soul (v. 16)
                                                         P - Harrowed up by the memory of sins (v. 17)
                                                           Q - remembered Jesus Christ, a son of God (v. 17)

                                                           Q - I cried, Jesus Christ, son of God (v. 18)
                                                         P - Harrowed by the memory of sins no more (v. 19)
                                                       O - Joy as exceeding as was the pain (v. 20)
                                                     N - Long to be in the presence of God (v. 22)
                                                  M - My limbs received strength again (v. 23)
                                                L - I labored to bring souls to repentance (v. 24)
                                             K - Born of God (v. 26)
                                           J - Therefore my knowledge is of God (v. 26)
                                        H - Supported under trials, troubles, and afflictions (v. 26)
                                     G - Trust in him (v. 27)
                                   F - He will deliver me (v. 27)
                                I - And raise me up at the last day (v. 28)
                             E - As God brought our fathers out of bondage and captivity (v. 28-29)
                          D - Retain a remembrance of their captivity (v. 29)
                       C - Know as I do know (v. 30)
                    B - Keep the commandments and ye shall prosper in the land (v. 30)
                 A - This according to his word (v. 30)

Again, as the average person reads Alma chapter 36, the Chiastic structure is not very noticable. Through many years of reading the Book of Mormon, I never noticed patterns of Chiasmus.

I only noticed it when I read about "Chiasmus in the Book of Mormon," and the Chiastic patterns were pointed out.

BURNING QUESTION: How did such an elaborate example of Chiasmus end up in Alma chapter 36 of the Book of Mormon?

Given the fact that very few living in 1830 were even aware of Chiasmus in the Bible or the Book of Mormon, therefore, the most obvious explanation as to WHY the Book of Mormon contains Chiasmus is because the Book of Mormon was written by people of Hebrew heritage, who were taught in the Literary Traditions of the Hebrews.

GOOGLE RANKINGS:

August 23, 2025

1- Keywords with parentheses: 8 words "What the Bible Teaches about Heaven and Hell"
Safari Google: #4 #5 #7 #7 #4 #4 with Q marks - #NR Top 250 with NO Q marks
Google Chrome #11 #3 with Q marks - #NR Top 250 with NO Q marks

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Google Chrome #11 #26 #31 results appear consistently?

4- KEYWORD: 11 words Heaven or Hell are Not the only Options on Judgment Day
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14- KEYWORD: 10 words Are Heaven or Hell the only Options on Judgment Day?
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Google Chrome #2 #1 Google Ad in 1st Position

* * * * * *

Keyword #8 on Safari brings up results for Truth in Love Ministry, which shows Icon of Angel Moroni!
Pastor Mark Cares in Nampa Idaho -- Keywords: Life after Death Truth in Love Ministry
Pastor Care disonestly straw-mans LDS persepcctive. He's written a book on how to talk to Mormons

Keywords #4, #5, #7, #8, #9, #10, #11 are Keywords where Google AD promotes clicks:

4- Heaven or Hell Not the only Options ON JUDGMENT DAY - 10 words
5- Heaven or Hell are Not the only Options In Final Judgment - 11 words
7- Why God's Judgment is only Heaven or Hell? - 8 words
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9- Does the Bible teach more Consequences than just Heaven and Hell? - 12 words
10 -Heaven or hell are not the only consequences in gods final judgment - 12 words
11- Just Heaven or Hell is Not the True Bible Teaching- 10 words
14- Are Heaven or Hell the only Options on Judgment Day? - 10 words
15- Are Heaven or Hell the only Options In Final Judgment? - 10 words

* * * * * *



BING RANKINGS:

August 23, 2025

1- Keywords: 8 words "What the Bible Teaches about Heaven and Hell"
Safari BING: #? #9 with Q marks - #52 #51 without Q marks
Google Chrome #10 #9 with Q marks - #38 without Q marks

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Safari BING: #1 with Q marks - #3 without Q marks
G-Chrome BING #1 with Q marks - #4 without Q marks"The Truth about Heaven and Hell"

2a- Keywords: 6 words "The Truth about Heaven and Hell"
Safari BING: #NR with Q marks - #NR without Q marks
G-Chrome BING #NR with Q marks - #NR without Q marks"

3- KEYWORD: 7 words Are Heaven or Hell the only Options?
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G-Chrome BING #? #4 - shows BING ADS

4- KEYWORD: 11 words Heaven or Hell are Not the only Options on Judgment Day
Safari BING #? #1 - shows BING ADS
G-Chrome BING #? #1 - shows BING ADS

5- KEYWORD: 11 words Heaven or Hell are Not the only Options In Final Judgment
Safari BING #? #1 - shows BING ADS
G-Chrome BING #? #1 - Bing does Dr Matt Analysis of Heaven & Hell

6- KEYWORD: 8 words Will God's Judgment be Just Heaven or Hell?
Safari BING #? #3 - shows BING ADS
G-Chrome BING #? #4 - shows BING ADS

7- KEYWORD: 8 words Why God's Judgment is only Heaven or Hell?
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G-Chrome BING #? #2 - shows BING ADS

8- KEYWORD: 9 words Is Heaven or Hell God's Plan for Final Judgment?
Safari BING #? #1 - shows BING ADS
G-Chrome BING #? #1 - shows BING ADS

9- KEYWORD: 11 words Does the Bible teach more Consequences than just Heaven and Hell?
Safari BING #? #1 - shows BING ADS
G-Chrome BING #? #1 - shows BING ADS

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Safari BING #? #2 - NO BING ADS yet
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11- KEYWORD: 10 words Just Heaven or Hell is Not the True Bible Teaching
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G-Chrome BING #? #1 - shows BING ADS

12- KEYWORD: 9 words Heaven or Hell are Not the Only Eternal Consequences
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G-Chrome BING #? #1 - NO BING ADS yet

13- KEYWORD: 9 words Is Just Heaven or Hell the True Bible Teaching?
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G-Chrome BING #? #2 - NO BING ADS yet

14- KEYWORD: 10 words Are Heaven or Hell the only Options on Judgment Day?
Safari BING #? #3 - shows BING ADS
G-Chrome BING #? #3 - shows BING ADS

15- KEYWORD: 10 words Are Heaven or Hell the only Options In Final Judgment?
Safari BING #? #2 - shows BING ADS
G-Chrome BING #? #2 - shows BING ADS

* * * * * * *

 

Yahoo RANKINGS:

August 23, 2025

1- Keywords: 8 words "What the Bible Teaches about Heaven and Hell"
Safari Yahoo #? #23 with Q marks - #69 withour Q marks
G-Chrome Yahoo #? #23 with Q marks - #69 without Q marks

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4- KEYWORD: 11 words Heaven or Hell are Not the only Options on Judgment Day
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7- KEYWORD: 8 words Why God's Judgment is only Heaven or Hell?
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8- KEYWORD: 9 words Is Heaven or Hell God's Plan for Final Judgment?
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9- KEYWORD: 11 words Does the Bible teach more Consequences than just Heaven and Hell?
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10- KEYWORD: 12 words Heaven or hell are not the only consequences in gods final judgment
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11- KEYWORD: 10 words Just Heaven or Hell is Not the True Bible Teaching
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12- KEYWORD: 9 words Heaven or Hell are Not the Only Eternal Consequences
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15- KEYWORD: 10 words Are Heaven or Hell the only Options In Final Judgment?
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* * * * * * *

 

Duck Duck Go RANKINGS:
DDG appears to adjust rankings the more you USE it, in real time!

August 23, 2025

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8- KEYWORD: 9 words Is Heaven or Hell God's Plan for Final Judgment?
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G-Chrome DDG #? #1

9- KEYWORD: 11 words Does the Bible teach more Consequences than just Heaven and Hell?
Safari DuckDGo: #? #2
G-Chrome DDG #? #2

10- KEYWORD: 12 words Heaven or hell are not the only consequences in gods final judgment
Safari DuckDGo: #? #2
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G-Chrome DDG #? #1

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Safari DuckDGo: #? #4
G-Chrome DDG #? #2

14- KEYWORD: 10 words Are Heaven or Hell the only Options on Judgment Day?
Safari DuckDGo: #? #3
G-Chrome DDG #? #5

15- KEYWORD: 10 words Are Heaven or Hell the only Options In Final Judgment?
Safari DuckDGo: #? #2
G-Chrome DDG #? #2


Related Articles:      
The Most Misunderstood Bible Passage: Ephesians 2:8-9Saved by Grace through Faith
Just Heaven or Hell are not the Only Options in God's Final Judgment

The Journey

For this is the Journey that mortals make:
To find themselves. If they fail in this, it matters little
whatever else they may achieve: Money, Fame, Revenge, Pleasure.
When they end the Journey, they can put them all into
a bin marked "ashes." They mean nothing.
But if one has found that she has within her
a divine soul, if she has discovered the principles
upon which the fulfillment of that soul is based, and
if she implements those principles, then she has a mansion
within which she can live with dignity
and joy each day of her life.

* * * * * * *

The Greatest Prize
for Life's labors isn't
in material possessions
or impressive accomplishments,
but in the progress of personal character.
You labor for your own becoming, this is your richest reward.
Who You Become is your greatest possession,
make it your Masterpiece!

(Changing Your Stripes, 3rd Edition, page 274)
 

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the ditch in which you've jumped (the difficulties for which you volunteer).

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is ultimately a matter of
mastering yourself!"

- Matt Moody 

"Changing Your Stripes," teaches you the principles that lead to lasting change,
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